A recent study has drawn renewed attention to Erythritol, a widely used sugar substitute marketed as a “natural,” low-calorie sweetener. Scientists from the University of Colorado Boulder’s Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory have uncovered cellular changes that could pose risks to brain and blood vessel health even after just one serving of an erythritol-sweetened beverage.
Presented at the 2025 American Physiology Summit (APS2025) in Baltimore, the study was led by graduate researcher Auburn Berry and focused on the effects of erythritol on human cerebral endothelial cells which form the lining of blood vessels in the brain.
Researchers discovered that erythritol exposure led to increased oxidative stress essentially, a buildup of harmful molecules that can damage cells and a reduction in nitric oxide production, a compound vital for healthy blood flow and vascular tone. These disruptions in cellular function could impair circulation in the brain and potentially elevate the risk of stroke and other vascular conditions over time. Although the research was conducted in vitro, the changes observed were significant enough to warrant caution.
Erythritol has become a popular ingredient in sugar-free gums, beverages, protein bars and keto-friendly foods due to its low impact on blood glucose and insulin levels. However, this new research joins earlier studies that have linked erythritol to increased cardiovascular risk, including clot formation and platelet reactivity.
Experts emphasize that while erythritol is approved as safe by global regulatory bodies such as the FDA and EFSA, growing scientific evidence calls for deeper evaluation of its long-term health impact especially with regular or high-dose consumption. “We’re not saying stop using erythritol entirely,” said Berry. “But our findings highlight the need for caution and more rigorous human studies especially for people with existing cardiovascular conditions.”
Disclaimer: This article is intended for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The findings discussed are based on preliminary laboratory research presented at a scientific conference and have not yet been peer-reviewed. Consumers are encouraged to consult with qualified healthcare professionals before making dietary changes, especially those involving sugar substitutes or low-calorie products.
